Born August 10, 1843, in Philadelphia, PA
Died November 21, 1926, in Washington, DC

Federal Judicial Service:
Judge, U.S. Circuit Courts for the Ninth Circuit
Nominated by Benjamin Harrison on February 11, 1892, to a seat vacated by Lorenzo Sawyer. Confirmed by the Senate on March 17, 1892, and received commission on March 17, 1892. Service terminated on March 5, 1897, due to resignation.

Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Nominated by Benjamin Harrison on February 11, 1892, to a seat vacated by Lorenzo Sawyer. Confirmed by the Senate on March 17, 1892, and received commission on March 17, 1892. Service terminated on March 5, 1897, due to resignation.

Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
Nominated by William McKinley on December 16, 1897, to a seat vacated by Stephen J. Field. Confirmed by the Senate on January 21, 1898, and received commission on January 21, 1898. Service terminated on January 5, 1925, due to retirement.

Supreme Court Oath:
January 26, 1898

Allotment as Circuit Justice:

Ninth Circuit, February 21, 1898-January 5, 1925

Education:
Read law, 1865
St. Augustine's College, 1865

Professional Career:

Private practice, Fairfield, California, 1865-1866
District attorney, Solano County, California, 1866-1870
Private practice, Suisun, California, 1870-1875
State assemblyman, California, 1875-1876
U.S. representative from California, 1885-1892
Attorney General of the United States, 1897-1898